II. Classifying Vertebrates

A. The animal kingdom

1. Defining characteristics of animals

2. Classical taxonomy and Carolus Linnaeus

3. Binomial Nomenclature

4. Derived and conserved characteristics

5. Six Kingdom model of classification

III. Phylum Chordata

A. Four defining characteristics

1. Notochord

2. Dorsal hollow nerve cord

3. Pharyngeal gill slits

4. Postanal tail

B. Classification and representative organisms

C. Cephalochordates and Urochordates

IV. Subphylum Vertebrata

A. Classification and representative organisms

B. Defining characteristics

1. The vertebral column

V. Vertebrate Evolution

A. The fossil record

B. Phylogenetic tree

VI. Animal Form and Function

A. Regional differentiation

B. Symmetry

C. Deuterestome development

D. Tube Within a Tube body plan

E. The skeleton

F. Three muscle types

G. Integument

H. Respiration

I. Circulation

J. Digestion

K. Excretion of nitrogenous wastes

L. Nervous system

M. Reproduction

1. Gametes

2. Methods

VII. Vertebrate Diversity

A. Three classes of Fishes

1. Evolutions

2. Reproductive organs

3. Characteristics

B. Amphibians

1. Life cycles

2. Evolution

3. Representative organisms

4. Characteristics

C. Reptiles

1. Representative organisms

2. Characteristics

D. Birds

1. Classification

2. Adaptations for flight

3. Characteristics

E. Mammals

1. Classifications and representative organisms

2. Characteristics

VIII. Conclusion