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Physiology of the Heart - Wins   Mac Single User - Student Shipped in 2 days Cat.# SB-11ST $ 95.00 BUY

An interactive tutorial to teach the basic physiology of the heart

The highly interactive program is designed to teach the basic physiology of the heart and is designed to complement and accompany a similar program (The Circulation.) covering the physiology of the circulatory vessels. It is divided into several sections accessed from a menu:

Introduction: - structure and function of the cardiovascular system;

The Heart:

• gross structure - chambers and major blood vessels, the wall of the heart and the pericardium;
• heart valves - structure and function of atrioventricular and semi-lunar valves;
• histology - cardiac muscle and pacemaker cells;
• excitation - spread of depolarization and the ECG;
• heart sounds
• the cardiac cycle - pressure and volume changes;
• cardiac output - control by autonomic nerves, hormones and autoregulation.

High quality colour graphics are used extensively throughout the program and features such as animation and a Hypertext facility are used to enhance student learning. The program is highly interactive and uses several features to promote this. For example students are required to:

a) label diagrams by "dragging" labels from a list and "dropping" them into the box corresponding to the correct position on the diagram;
b) interpret recordings of pacemaker cell action potentials to better understand the effect of autonomic nerves on heart rate.

In addition they must answer a variety of questions included in each section. These may be multiple choice, selecting correct phrases from a list to complete a statement, and true/false questions with feedback.

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Exercise Physiology - Wins   Mac Single User - Student Shipped in 2 days Cat.# SB-8ST $ 95.00 BUY

A computer simulation of the physiological
effects of graded exercise in man

An interactive, menu driven program, suitable for students of biology at high school and undergraduate level. This program simulates some of the important physiological measurements which can be made to assess cardio-respiratory performance or "fitness" in the laboratory. The program presents results, in a form comparable to a chart recorder (in high resolution graphics), from healthy individuals performing a fixed schedule of graded exercise on a bicycle ergometer, and includes:-

Heart Rate,
Minute (Pulmonary Ventilation),
Oxygen Consumption,
Blood Lactate Concentration

Measurements can be taken from the trace by pausing it and using the cross-hair cursor facility provided. The program simulates the response of a subject working continuously under a work load which is increased by increments of 20 watts each minute until the subject is exhausted. The screen display also shows a digital clock and work load meter. Heart rate is monitored continuously and respiratory performance is assessed by breath-by-breath analysis of expiratory air samples. Blood samples may be taken during the exercise regime and the [lactate] determined using a simulated spectrophotometer.

The program allows subject parameters (age, weight, height, sex, trained or untrained) to be determined by the user and may thus be used to compare, for example, male with female performance, or the effects of training or age.

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Muscle Physiology - Wins   Mac Single User - Student Shipped in 2 days Cat.# SB-18ST $ 95.00 BUY

A computer simulation of experiments which may be performed on the isolated
frog sciatic nerve-gastrocnemius muscle preparation

An interactive, menu-driven and easy to use program, which simulates experiments on the frog sciatic nerve - gastrocnemius muscle preparation to illustrate physiological properties of skeletal muscle.

Experiments include:

• stimulus voltage/response relationships,
• summation,
• tetanus,
• length-tension relationship,
• action of curare.

Real experimental data is used to generate simulated muscle contractions, which are displayed in a form comparable to that of an oscilloscope. Each experiment is prefaced by introductory text, and experiment guide and includes assignments (MCQ, true-false, data interpretation) for students to complete which are designed to reinforce underlying physiological principles, and test accuracy of data collection and data interpretation.

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Nerve Physiology - Wins   Mac Single User - Student Shipped in 2 days Cat.# SB-19ST $ 95.00 BUY

A computer simulation of experiments which may be performed
on isolated frog sciatic nerve

An interactive, menu-driven and easy to use program, which simulates a number of experiments performed on the frog sciatic nerve preparation to illustrate some of the important properties of mixed nerves. High-resolution graphic simulations of compound nerve action potentials, derived from real experimental data, are displayed on a simulated oscilloscope screen. Experiments include;

• stimulus voltage/response relationships,
• investigation of refractory period,
• measurement of conduction velocity,
• effects of temperature and action of a local anaesthetic.

Each experiment is prefaced by introductory text, and each experiment has associated assignments. The package includes a manual, tutor's guide and student workbook.

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Experiments on Renal Function in Humans - Wins   Mac Single User - Student Shipped in 2 days Cat.# SB-23ST $ 95.00 BUY

An interactive computer simulation of experiments to
study the renal function in humans

This highly interactive computer program is designed to allow students to collect urine and plasma data from groups of healthy male students who took part in the following investigations:

1. control experiment (no water loading)
2. water loading experiment
3. experiments to investigate the action of four diuretics (acetazolamide, amiloride, hydrochlorothiazide, bumetanide) in water loaded subjects

For each experiment, data are presented (mean values: n=10) graphically for:

• plasma electrolyte concentrations (Na⁺, K⁺, C1^-, HCO₃^-)
• plasma creatinine concentration and plasma osmolality
• urine electrolyte (Na⁺, K⁺, C1^-, HCO₃^-)
• urine creatinine output and total solute output
• urine osmolality
• urine flow

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Frog Heart - Wins   Mac Single User - Student Shipped in 2 days Cat.# SB-10ST $ 95.00 BUY

A computer simulation of experiments which
may be performed on frog heart

An interactive, menu-driven and easy to use program which simulates a number of experiments which can be performed on the 'in situ' heart of a pithed frog. High-resolution simulations of contractions of the frog heart, derived from real data, are presented on a scrolling display to simulate a chart recorder. The trace may be paused to facilitate measurement of heart rate or to assess changes in the amplitude of atrial or ventricular contraction. Experiments include:

Interpretation of a typical trace;
the effects of adrenaline;
the effects of acetylcholine (with physostigmine or atropine);
the effects of temperature;
refractory period;
electrical conduction through the heart (Stannius ligatures).

Each experiment is prefaced by introductory text and includes an experiment guide and assignments.

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Introduction to the Endocrine System - Wins   Mac Single User - Student Shipped in 2 days Cat.# SB-6ST $ 95.00 BUY

An interactive, foundation level computer-based tutorial to
introduce the endocrine system

This highly interactive program is divided into several sections, each of which may be accessed from a menu:

Introduction: an overview of the function of the endocrine system, location of some of the important endocrine glands;

Chemical properties: covers the three main chemical groups of hormones: peptides and glycoproteins, steroids and amines, giving examples of each. For each group the program describes the synthesis, transport and physiological implications of the chemical properties.

Cellular Mechanisms of Action: covers the main features of how (i) peptide and catecholamine hormones act at the cellular level (second messengers) and (ii) steroids and thyroid hormones act at the cellular level;

Hypothalamus - Pituitary: describes the anatomy of the structures and the relationship and connections between the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland; the hormones of the anterior and posterior lobes, regulation of their release and main physiological functions.

High quality colour graphics are used extensively throughout the program and features such as animation and a hotword facility are used to enhance student learning. The program is highly interactive and uses several features to promote this. For example the main sections all have associated student tasks e.g. true/false questions with feedback, drag-and-drop exercises. These are designed to allow students to assess their understanding of the section they have completed and also to present additional information and explanations through the feedback. The learning package is intended to be used either: to support existing teaching methods, or for independent study where it could be used as an alternative to staff-led tutorials or lectures. It is estimated that it would occupy students for two to three hours of fairly intensive study and is suitable for primary learning or revision. The question-answer sections may also be useful for self-assessment.

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Rat Blood Pressure - Wins   Mac Single User - Student Shipped in 2 days Cat.# SB-31ST $ 95.00 BUY

An interactive computer simulation of experiments to study the effects of a number of pharmacological agents on rat blood pressure in vivo

This highly interactive program simulates a range of experiments to demonstrate the effects of a variety of pharmacological agents/procedures on blood pressure and heart rate of the anaesthetized rat (in vivo). It is aimed at undergraduates studying pharmacology modules on a range of medical and science courses. Each section combines text, high quality colour graphics, and animation with interactive questions designed to reinforce learning.

The main menu allows students to access sections covering different aspects of the laboratory class;

Introduction: Home Office Licence requirements,

Preparation: anaesthesia/anaesthetization, cannulation of trachea, jugular vein and carotid artery,

Apparatus: equipment used to maintain body temperature, record blood pressure and heart rate,

Measurements: describes how to take measurements from the simulated chart recorder and how to calculate mean BP and pulse pressure,

Experiments: provides typical data for 16 different experiments selected to teach the essential pharmacology: catecholamines; pressor agents; acetylcholine; ganglion stimulants; uptake1-blockers; alpha-blockers; beta-blockers; adrenaline reversal; guanethidine; sympathetic nerve stimulation; depressor drugs; ganglion blockade; quantitative effects of alpha-blockade; quantitative effects of beta-blockade; reserpine; pithing

Students are expected to record and tabulate data from the screen display and to then complete student assignments e.g. a series of MCQ questions, with feedback, to assess accuracy of data collection and data interpretation; a student task (typical of a traditional lab-class report) to be completed in their own time. In addition there is a section containing a selection of MCQ's with feedback covering cardiovascular pharmacology which students can use for revision.

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Chest Clinic - Wins Single User - Student Shipped in 2 days Cat.# SB-30ST $ 95.00 BUY

An interactive computer simulation designed to teach the principles
of respiratory function testing and diagnosis.

This program is designed to cover the principles of respiratory function testing and adopts a patient orientated, case-centred approach to teach, by investigation, the use of these tests in the diagnosis of common respiratory disorders. It is aimed at undergraduate medical/science students studying physiology on a range of biomedical courses.

The program is divided into several sections: 

TUTORIAL is subdivided into: Introduction; Limitation to Airflow; Lung Size; Gas Transfer; Bronchodilation; Constriction; Normal Values; Test your knowledge. Each section typically combines text, high-quality graphics, animations to explain the underlying physiology, anatomy and pathophysiology. Self-assessment questions are used for students to assess how much they have understood.

METHODS is subdivided into: Introduction; Peak Expiratory Flow; Spirometry; Reversibility; Challenge Tests (Metacholine, exercise); Lung Volumes; Transfer Factor; Each section typically combines text, high-quality graphics, animations and video-clips to explain, in detail, the principles of the investigative methods used to assess respiratory function. Self-assessment questions are used for students to assess how much they have understood.

CASES contains details of seven patients including a normal subject and patients suffering a range of respiratory disorders. For each the user is presented with the results of relevant respiratory function tests which may be compared to predicted normal values for that patient. Users are required to draw conclusions (in the form of true/false questions) about the patients’ conditions.