THE EVOLUTION OF LIFE.... continued

CONTENTS:

• 39 Overhead-Transparencies, size 22 x 28 cm, comprising 90 colour pictures, mostly with several component figures (drawings, diagrams, anatomical pictures, photomicro- and macrographs, nature photographs, life cycles, scenes of landscape, fossils, test data and results). The colour pictures were prepared by university illustrators specialising in this field. The application of a strong, hard-wearing carrier foil warrants great durability.

• Sketch and work-sheets with semi-diagrammatic designs and texts. Teacher may take photocopies from the sheets and use for classroom work and tests.

• Brochure with depictured explanatory comments for the teacher. All in strong plastic file with ring-mechanism.

Stellar, Chemical, and Organic Evolution. Development of Procaryotes - The temporal course of evolution: Nomenclature, events and epoches - Origin of the celestial bodies - Origin of the solar system - Landscape in primeval times of the earth - The pre-historical landscape as a chemical cooking pot - Apparatus of MILLER for synthesis of amino acids in simulated primary atmosphere - Simulated polycondensation of amino acids to proteinoids I: Hot lava and amino acids, II: Melting, generation of steam, III: Condensation reaction, IV: Removal of the polymers - Abiogenic production of proteinoid-microspheres - Basic functions of the life of eobionts - Evolutionary stages of metabolism: Primeval mud to protobionts, protobionts to procaryotes, fermenting, breathing, and photosynthesizing procaryotes - Precambrian evidences of life - Precambrian microfossils: Protists from the South African Precambrian, ca. 3 billion years old - Spherical, filiform, umbrella-shaped organisms from the North American Gunflint-formation, and cell filaments from the Australian Bitterspring-formation - The course of evolution of the organisms, diagram.

The Biological Evolution from the Procaryotes to the Vegetable and Animal Kingdom - Theory of spontaneous generation and realization - Tapestry with a presentation of the Christian Genesis (12th century) - Diagram of the descent and ramification of the five kingdoms of organisms - Possible development of flagellated eucytes to various algae and other life forms - Development of the spore-plants from aquatic to terrestrial forms - Evolutionary lines of terrestrial spore-plants - Hypothetical phylogenetic tree of Deuterostomia - Gastraea theory according to HAECKEL - Evolution of the Chordata: Vertebrata - Simplified scheme of ramifications to show the course of evolution in the vertebrates - Saurians: Ornithischia and Saurischia. Skulls with homologous lower jaw - Phylogenetic relations among saurians - Comparison of numbers of species of the animals - Course of the earth history. Geological times - Earth history. Table of rock formations - Morphological variety of an animal group: Evolution of the Cephalopoda - Cambrian period: Scene of landscape with typical animals and plants - Silurian period: Scene of landscape with typical animals and plants - Devonian period: Scene of landscape with typical animals and plants - Carboniferous period: Scene of landscape with typical animals and plants - Permian period: Scene of landscape with typical animals and plants - Triassic period: Scene of landscape with typical animals and plants - Jurassic period: Scene of landscape with typical animals and plants - Cretaceous period: Scene of landscape with typical animals and plants - Tertiary period: Scene of landscape with typical animals and plants - Quaternary period: Scene of landscape with typical animals and plants.

Basis, Mechanisms, and Ways of Evolution of the Vegetable and Animal Kingdom - Courses of evolution exemplified by the evolution of vertebrates - Morphological homologies: Formation of notochord and vertebrae, common structural plan of the vertebrate appendages, evolutionary stages of vertebrate brains, hearts, lungs and excretory organs - Extinct intermediate animals: Ichthyostega and Archaeopteryx - Archaeopteryx, fossil and reconstruction - Living fossils: Horseshoe crab Limulus (Xiphosura) - Important living fossils of invertebrates, vertebrates, and vascular plants - Parallel evolution of the African and South American fauna - Nauplius larvae of various crustacean groups - Embryonic stages of various vertebrate classes - The ancestral development of the horse’s foot - Foot skeleton of even-toed ungulates - Embryos with gill clefts, HAECKEL’S biogenetic law - Pelvis rudiments of a whale - Irregular dewclaw of a horse (atavism) - Biochemical relationship of vertebrate serum proteins - Catastrophe theory of CUVIER, documented by "Scheuchzer’s skeleton" - Lamarckism (inheritance of acquired characters) and darvinism (natural selection) - Modification: Curve of modification - Modification: unsuccessful selection in culturing Paramaecium - Mutation : Mutagenous influences and mutability - Mutation: Types of mutation - Selection: Quick selection by preadaptation. Industrial melanism of the peppered moth (Biston betularia) - Selection: Extinction of whole animal groups by extreme selection - Isolation: The continental drift theory - Isolation: Geographic and ecological isolation. Endemism of DARWIN’s finches - Speciation by geographic separation - Adaptive radiation of marsupials and mammals - Forming principles: Perfection, gigantism, hypertely of a lamellicorn beetle, individual and ancestral development of stag’s antlers - Transspecific evolution, diagram - Ontogenic spirals - Evolution of the horse - Phylogenetic tree based on structural relationship of cytochrome C - Evolution of languages from the primeval Indo-European language.