THE STRUCTURE OF MATTER - PART 2 .....continued

Morphology of the Minerals I. Elements and Bonds - The following series show the most important and well-known minerals in that state, which is for a collector the most common to find in the nature. The specimens for this selected normally are not treated. They show all the typical characteristics and enable therefore a sure identification of finds. From that minerals, which are often subject to variations of their appearance, two or more specimens are shown on one picture. Particular value was set on a correct reproduction of the natural colours and structures of the minerals. Crystal chemistry systematics of minerals - Classification of silicate minerals - 1. Elements - Graphite, fine aggregate - Diamond in kimberlite - Sulphur, rhomboid crystals - Native arsenic - Native copper as matrix - Native silver as crystal aggregate - Native gold on matrix quartz - Native bismuth, granular aggregate - 2. Sulphides and arsenides (ores) - Pyrite (fools gold), typical crystals - Marcasite (white iron pyrite) - Bornite (purple copper ore) - Chalcopyrite (copper pyrite) - Covellite - Chalcocite - Galenite (lead glance) - Sphalerite (false galena, zinc blende) - Wurtzite - Cinnabar, the most important mercury ore - Pyrrhotite (magnetic pyrite) - Stibnite (antimonite) - Niccolite (copper nickel) - Smaltite (scutterudite) - Molybdenite, on quartz - Realgar (natural red arsenic disulphide) - Orpigment (yellow arsenic) - Arsenopyrite (mispickel) - Proustite (light red silver ore) - 3. Halides (salts) - Halite (rock-salt) - Sylvite (sylvine) - Fluorite crystal (Derbyshire spar) - Carnallite, raw material for production of magnesium - Cryolite (Greenland spar, ice stone), for production of aluminium - 4. Oxides and hydroxides - Magnetite (magnetic iron ore) - Haematite (red iron-ore) - Corundum, emery and ruby - Rockcrystal (quartz crystal) - Chalcedony and agate - Common and precious opal - Rutile, important titanium ore - Cassiterite (tinstone), in matrix - Pitchblende (nasturan), uranium ore (radioactive) - Chromite (chromium iron ore) - Ilmenite (titaniferous iron ore) - Pyrolusite (manganese ore) - Perovskite, pseudocubic crystals on schist - Spinel, octahedron aggregate - Zincite (red oxide of zinc, spartalite) - Psilomelane - Goethite - Brucite - Bauxite, raw material for the aluminium production - Limonite (brown haematite), weathered iron ore - 5. Carbonates - Calcite crystal (calcspar) and Iceland spar rhombohedron - Dolomite rock (dolostone) - Siderite (iron spar, white iron ore) - Aragonite, large crystals - Cerussite (white leed ore) - Malachite (green carbonate of copper), cut and polished - Azurite (blue copper ore) crystal aggregate - Smithsonite (dry bone ore, calamine), crusty aggregate - Witherite, crystal aggregate - Magnesite - Rhodochrosite, cut - 6. Borates - Tincal (borax), crystals - Ulexite (cotton ball), fibrous aggregate, cut and polished - Boracite crystals in gypsum - 7. Sulphates, chromates, molybdates and wolframates - Gypsum, clear single crystal (spectacle stone) - Anhydrite (cube spar), palecoloured pieces - Barite (barytes, basofor) - Celestine (celestite) - Crocoite (red lead ore) - Wulfenite (yellow lead ore) - Wolframite, crystal - Scheelite (natural calcium tungstate) - 8. Phosphates, arsenates, vanadates - Apatite, crystals in matrix - Pyromorphite, prismatic crystals - Callaite - Monazite, crystals - Erythrite (cobalt bloom) - Annabergite (nickel bloom) - Wavellite, spherolithic aggregate - Descloizide, vanadium ore, crystals - Vanadinite, on matrix - Torbernite.

Morphology of the Minerals II. Silicates - This series presents 56 beautiful colour photographs of the most important minerals out of the large group of the silicates. Olivine in basalt - Garnet in mica-schist - Topaz crystal - Zircon crystal - Andalusite, stem-like aggregate - Disthene (cyanite), solid aggregate - Titanite (sphene), single crystals - Staurolite, twinning crystals - Hemimorphite (natural zinc silicate), crystals on matrix - Epidote, crystals - Zoisite, stem-like aggregate - Beryl, Blue variety ‘aquamarine’ - Cordierite (iolite), dichroitic crystals - Tourmaline, different colour varieties - Dioptase on matrix - Chrysocolla, earthy substance - Diposide,, columnar crystals - Common and basalt augites, rock-forming silicates - Spodumene (triphane), lithium raw material - Jadeite, broken and cut pieces - Enstatite, broken piece - Bronzite, crystal intergrowth, - Hypersthene, broken piece - Tremolite, stem-like aggregate - Actinolite, prismatic crystals in solid talcum - Common hornblende, wide-spread rock-forming silicate - Basalt hornblende, typical crystals - Wollastonite (tubularspar), fibrous crystals - Rhodonite, solid granular concretion - Talcum, pale-coloured split piece - Prehnite, pale-coloured spherical aggregates - Muscovite (Muscovy glass), split piece - Phlogopite, tabular crystals - Biotite, split piece - Lepidolite, split piece - Fuchsite, flaky aggregate - Chrysotile (Canadian asbestos) - Antigorite - Nepheline (nephelite) in effusive rock - Leucite (white or Vesuvian garner) in basalt - Analcime (analcite) on matrix - Orthoclase and aventurine feldspar (sunstone), split pieces - Microcline, split piece - Amazonite (amazonstone) crystals - Albite (pericline) - Labradorite, split piece with typical colouration - Anorthite, broken surface - Sodalite, broken surface - Hauyne, in porous lave - Lazurite (ultramarine), gem lapis lazuli - Natrolite, crystal bundle in drusy basalt - Harmotome, crystals - Stilbite (desmine), brown bundle on apophyllite (fish-eye stone) - Apophyllite (fish-eye stone), crystals - Tektite, glassy silicate of unknown origin - Moldavite (water-chrysolithe, bottle-stone), glassy silicate originated from meteoric striking.

Morphology and Microstructure of the Rocks - The macrophotographs give a picture of habit and structure of the surface of the most important rocks. Microphotographs of thin sections of the same sorts in polarized light demonstrate their inner structure in colourful pictures. Review and nomenclature of the types of rocks. Survey and nomenclature of the rock types - The chemistry of the eruptive rocks (magmatites) - Volcanics: Lave, pumice and obsidian - Intrusive rock granite - Thin section photomicrograph of granite - Intrusive rock granodiorite - Intrusive rock syenite - Thin section photomicrograph of syenite - Intrusive rock diorite - Thin section photomicrograph of diorite - Intrusive rock gabbro - Thin section photomicrograph of gabbro - Matrix rock granite porphyry - Thin section photomicrograph of granite porphyry - Matrix rock diabas - Thin section photomicrograph of diabas - Matrix rock pegmatite - Extrusive rock basalt - Thin section photomicrograph of basalt - Extrusive rock rhyolite (liparite) - Extrusive rock trachyte - Extrusive rock andesite - Clastic sedimentary rock sandstone - Thin section photomicrograph of sandstone - Clastic sedimentary rock greywacke - Clastic sedimentary conglomerate - Clastic sedimentary breccia - Chemical sedimentary rock travertine - Thin section photomicrograph of travertine - Biogenous deposit anthracite coal - Photo micrograph of the biogenous deposit diatomaceous earth - Pelitic metamorphic rock mica-schist (mica-slate) - Thin section photomicrograph of mica-schist - Sialic metamorphic rock gneiss - Thin section photomicrograph of gneiss - Carbonatic metamorphic rock marble - Thin section photomicrograph of marble - Regional metamorphic rock serpentine - Thin section photomicrograph of serpentine - Thin section photomicrograph of lunar rocks (basalt) - Thin section photomicrograph of lunar rocks (breccia and anorthosite) - Lunar rocks with lamellar structure caused by shock waves.

Gems and Precious Stones - This series also fascinates by the beauty and the great variety of details in its colour photographs. There are shown well known and economically interesting gems and precious stones. Forms and cuts of precious stones - Classification of gems and precious stones - Corundum group: ruby and sapphire - Beryl group: aquamarine and emerald - Beryl group: emerald - Spinelgroup: pleonaste (ceylonite) and magnesian spinel - Topaz varieties - Garnet group: pyrope, grossular and almadine - Tourmaline varieties - Spodumene group: Hiddenite (lithia emerald) and kunzite - Quartz group I: rock crystal, amethyst, cairngorm (smoky quartz), citrine, rose quartz - Quartz group II: aventurine, hawk’s eye, tiger’s eye - Chalcedony varieties: carnelian, jasper, chrysoprase, bloodstone - Rutil needles in quartz crystal (Venus hair stone) - Banded chalcedony varieties: agate and onyx - Opal varieties - Jade varieties: jadeite and nephrite - Feldspar group: sunstone (heliolithe), moonstone, amazonstone - Callaite and turquoise matrix.