THE HUMAN RESPIRATORY AND CIRCULATORY SYSTEMS...continued

The Respiratory System of Man: The human respiratory organs, general view - Longitudinal section through head and neck. Air passages marked - Frontal section through the facial part of the skull showing the nasal cavity with its sinuses - Frontal section through the nasal septum and the hard palate - Diagram of the processes of swallowing and breathing - Frontal and dorsal view and longitudinal section of the larynx - Functions of the arytenoid cartilage and the shape of the glottis in various voices. - Human trachea, l.s. - Ciliated epithelium of the trachea - Structure of ciliated epithelial cells, electron micrograph - Position of the lungs in the thorax - Inner lining of the thorax. Visceral pleura, parietal pleura, pleural gap, pneumothorax of one lung - X-ray of human thorax, inspirated and expirated - Longitudinal section through thorax, inspirated and expirated position - Intercostal muscles during in- and expiration - Structure of the lungs, two steps of enlargement - Human lung, t.s. low magnification for general view - Human lung, t.s. showing bronchioles and alveoli - Lung of cat. Blood vessels injected - Alveolar septum, electron micrograph - Lung of cat, t.s. stained for elastic fibres - Comparison of inspired and expired air, diagram - Diagram of gaseous exchange in the pulmonary alveoli - Volume of air respirated, diagram - Connection between work and respiration per minute - Lung of salamander, t.s. - Lung of frog, t.s. - Lung of lizard, t.s. - Enlargement of pulmonary respiratory surface of various vertebrates - Influence of varying composition of the air on respiratory frequency - Frequency of nervous impulses due to O2- and CO2-contents in the blood - Regulation of respiration - Feedback system explaining the regulation of respiration - Miliary tuberculosis of human lung - Deposition of dust in human lung - Dust concentration depending on the number of inhabitants in towns - Absorption of carbon monoxide and oxygen by haemoglobin - The London smog catastrophe of December 1952. Smoke and sulphur dioxide-content of the air

The Circulatory System of Man: Blood and Lymphatic Organs: Cylinders with precipitated structural components and clotted blood - Composition of the blood. Precipitated and coagulated blood - Human blood smear, low magnification - Human blood smear, high magnification. Erythrocytes and various forms of leucocytes - Shape and size of an erythrocyte - Relation between partial pressure of oxygen and oxygen-saturated haemoglobin - Red bone marrow of mammal. Giant cells, blood forming cells - Mature erythrocyte and erythroblast, electron micrograph - Blood smears of frog and chicken. Nucleated red blood corpuscles - Various types of leucocytes. Granulocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes - Blood smear from leukemic person compared with normal blood smear - The steps of blood clotting - Electophoresis of protein fractions in human blood - Human leucocytes with phagocyted bacteria - Leucocyte, moving through the capillary wall - Structure of antibodies with antigen binding sites - Serum reactions to show hereditary relationship - The AB0 blood groups - Positive and negative reactions in determination of AB0-blood group - Diagram to understand agglutination of the AB0-blood groups - Diagram to understand Rh-incompatibility in second and further child - The human lymphatic system with lymph nodes - Exchange of substances between blood capillaries, tissue, and lymph capillaries - Human lymph node, t.s. - Follicle in human lymph node, t.s. - Structure of a lymph node with afferent and efferent blood and lymph vessels. Diagram - The human immune system - Development of lymphocytes. Memory cells, plasma cells - Fine structure of a plasma cell of bone marrow, electron micrograph - Human spleen t.s. Red and white pulp, capsule, trabeculae - The vascular system of the human spleen - Fine structure of a splenic sinus, electron micrograph - Human palatine tonsil, t.s. - Thymus gland of young cat, t.s. Hassall’s corpuscles - Human pharyngeal tonsil, t.s. epithelium interspersed with lymphocytes.

The Circulatory System of Man: Heart and Blood Vessels: Position of the heart in the body - Front view of the heart and big vessels - Human heart, semi-diagrammatic longitudinal section - View of the cardiac valvular plane. Arterio-ventricular and semilunar valves - Transverse section of the two cardiac ventricles. Endocardium, myocardium, epicardium - Structure of the cardiac muscle. Interlacing network of fibres, intercalated discs, striation, nuclei - Activity of the heart, papillary muscles, shift of the valvular plane, opening and closing of cusps - Cardiac cycle. Diagram - Cycle of pressure and volume of the left ventricle. Blood pressure in the aorta, cardiac sounds - The human circulatory system. Heart, pulmonary and systemic loop - Stimulation and coordination of the heart - Human electrocardiogram - Diagram of human blood circulation. Big vessels and capillary networks - Catchment areas of the hepatic portal vein. Stomach, small and large intestine, pancreas, spleen - Blood share of the different organs - The heart in the circulatory system of vertebrates. Fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals - Human artery and vein, t.s. - Artery of muscular type, t.s. - Artery of the elastic type, t.s. - Carotid artery, t.s. showing the elastic elements - Bagpipe function of the aorta. Diagram - Arrangement for taking the human blood pressure - Diagram to explain the pulse during reduction of pressure in the bag - Blood capillaries in the mesenteries - Ultrastructure of the capillary wall, electron micrograph - Interchange of substances between capillary and tissue - Pressure and volume in human circulation. Diagram - Human vein, t.s. - Transport of blood in the veins by pulse waves of neighbouring artery and by contraction of neighbouring muscles - Position of the main baroreceptors for regulation of the blood pressure - Analysis of manipulated blood pressure. Diagram - Regulation of arterial blood pressure. Negative feedback system.